Recycle Bin of Nature: The Manipulator of Waste Utilization in Ecosystem

Article ID: 2123

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Keywords: Enzyme’s activity, Logistic model, Clustering analysis, Dominant species

Abstract

The decomposition of litter on the ground is one of the significant elements of matter cycle and energy flow in the entire ecosystem, and the role of fungi is pronounced in this process. In order to understand how the diversity of the fungal is associated with the overall decomposition efficiency of the system, we design the model firstly of many factors and the decomposition rate of fungi. Then we take account of effects of intraspecies interactions on the population size and environmental changes step by step. After careful optimization of the preliminary model, finally, we make a conclusion related to the importance of fungal biodiversity to the ecosystem. At the beginning, considering the chemical theory of fungal decomposition, we establish a decomposition rate model based on enzyme activity to represent this process. According to the experimental data, we use the differential equations and enzyme activity. Using the same method, it is easy for us to find the relationship between enzyme activity and decomposition rate, and the mathematical model of fungal decomposition rate and t, T, N, pH is obtained by combining the two. Then, paying attention to the interaction between different species of fungi, we improve the mathematical expression of growth rate and moisture tolerance on the basis of the Logistic model, and obtain their short-term and long-term development trends. Next, we add environmental factors, which predicted the possibility of dominant species in different regions. At the same time, we also carry out sensitivity analysis on the model to verify the stability of the model under the rapid temperature fluctuation. The main strength of our model is used as a preventive reference to increase external intervention to prevent a species from becoming extinct in advance, which is conducive to maintaining a stable ecosystem. What’s more, we analyze the influence of fungal community diversity on litter decomposition rate. We find that the dominant populations in different environments are different. If there are more species in an area, it will be able to adapt to environmental changes and can be a vital component in the decomposition of litter. Thus, biodiversity ensures the normal material circulation and energy flow of the biosphere and promotes the stability of the ecosystem. Finally, we prepare a two-page article on the role of fungi in ecosystems, which would fit as an introductory outline in a university biology textbook species.