Evaluating the impact of Human Resource Information Systems on organizational performance in the Maldivian tourism and hospitality sector
Abstract
HRIS is a crucial tool for HR departments as it provides a digital platform for managing and automating various HR functions. HRIS is a comprehensive solution that integrates HRM functions with IT, enhancing the daily operations of HR professionals. In today’s knowledge-based economy, business success relies heavily on the performance of its human resources, which are essential in a rapidly changing global environment. Businesses continually strive to stay ahead of the curve in the ever-evolving technology landscape to thrive in the market. Some scholars have highlighted the negative impact of Human Resource Information Systems, primarily focusing on the invasion of privacy as the main disadvantage. The study indicates that implementing a Human Resource Information System (HRIS) enhances business performance in the tourism and hospitality industry of the Maldives. It highlights that user satisfaction and ease of use are positively influenced by these systems. The research surveyed 211 professionals and managers from the Maldives tourism and hospitality sector using a Likert Scale questionnaire to assess the impact of the HRIS on business performance. The study used SPSS 22.0 to analyze the impact of the Human Resource Information System (HRIS) on the dependent variable. The findings indicate that managerial personnel and human resource specialists in organisations find a user-friendly and satisfying HRIS motivating and beneficial for enhancing their performance. Organisations implement the HRIS to achieve their goals, identify system shortcomings, and develop strategies to improve business performance in the Maldives’ tourism and hospitality sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
1. Abdulla, I. (2024). Strategic human resource management practices in Maldives resort sector. Maldives HR Review, 9(1), 15–30.
2. Abdulla, M. (2024). Talent Management as a Strategic Imperative for Value Creation: A Critical Analysis of Talent Management Practice Among State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Maldives [PhD thesis]. University of Wales Trinity Saint David.
3. Adams, D. A., Nelson, R. R., & Todd, P. A. (1992). Perceived usefulness, ease of use, and usage of information technology: A replication. MIS Quarterly, 16(2), 227-247.
4. Aggarwal, N., & Kapoor, M. (2012). Human resource information systems (HRIS)-Its role and importance in business competitiveness. Gian Jyoti E-Journal, 1(2), 1-13.
5. Alkadash, T. M., Allaymouni, M., Almuslemani, A. K., & Ebrahim, Y. S. (2023). Maximizing Organizational Efficiency Through HR Information Systems: A Focus on Decision-Making in Tech Firms. In: AI and Business, and Innovation Research: Understanding the Potential and Risks of AI for Modern Enterprises. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
6. Alkadash, T., Rahman, M., & Ibrahim, A. (2023). The impact of HRIS implementation on organizational efficiency: Evidence from emerging markets. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 13(2), 66–85.
7. Al-Momani, K., & Mohd Noor, N. A. (2009). E-service quality, ease of use, usability and enjoyment as antecedents of e-CRM performance: An empirical investigation in Jordan mobile phone services. The Asian Journal of Technology Management, 2(2), 50-64.
8. Almutairi, H., Subramanian, G. H. (2005) ‘An empirical application of the DeLone and McLean model in the Kuwaiti private sector’. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 45(3), 113.
9. Al-Shibly, H. (2011). Human resources information systems success assessment: An integrative model. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(5), 157-169.
10. Arefin, A. H. M. M., & Hosain, M. S. (2019). The role of human resource information system on organizational performance: Evidence from Bangladeshi pharmaceutical industry. European Journal of Applied Business and Management, 5(2).
11. Awazu, M., Omori, S., Ishikura, K., et al. (2003). The lack of cyclin kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 ameliorates progression of diabetic nephropathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 14(3), 699-708.
12. Bailey, J. E., & Pearson, S. W. (1983). Development of a Tool for Measuring and Analyzing Computer User Satisfaction. Management Science, 29(5), 530–545. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.29.5.530
13. Barisic, A. F., Poor, J., & Pejic Bach, M. (2019). The intensity of human resources information systems usage and organizational performance. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 17(3), 586–597. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.17.3.15
14. Basit, A., & Hassan, Z. (2017). Impact of job stress on employee performance. International Journal of Accounting and Business Management, 5(2), 13-33.
15. Begum, H., Bhuiyan, F., Alam, A. S. A. F., et al. (2020). Cost reduction and productivity improvement through HRIS. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 14(2), 185. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijisd.2020.106235
16. Cabrera-Moya, D. R. R., Vasudevan, H., & Prieto-Rodriguez, G. (2023). Kash training models: increasing levels of commitment and organizational effectiveness. Business: Theory and Practice, 24(1), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2023.17480
17. Cascio, W. F. (2015). Strategic HRM: Too Important for an Insular Approach. Human Resource Management, 54(3), 423–426. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21735
18. Chirchir, L. K., Aruasa, W. K., & Chebon, S. K. (2019). Perceived usefulness and ease of use as mediators of the effect of health information systems on user performance. European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology, 7(1), 22-37.
19. Commonwealth Secretariat. Small States: Economic Review and Basic Statistics. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
20. Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
21. DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (1992). Information Systems Success: The Quest for the Dependent Variable. Information Systems Research, 3(1), 60–95. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.3.1.60
22. Effectiveness. International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management, 7(3), 40–53. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.2016070103
23. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th ed. Pearson Education.
24. Hamilton, S., & Chervany, N. L. (1981). Evaluating Information System Effectiveness - Part I: Comparing Evaluation Approaches. MIS Quarterly, 5(3), 55. https://doi.org/10.2307/249291
25. Hari Suryaningrum, D. (2012) ‘Assessing individual performance on information technology adoption: A new model’. Global Journal of Business Research, 6(4), 111-125.
26. Hussein, L. A., Baharudin, A. S., Jayaraman, K., & Kiumarsi, S. H. A. I. A. N. (2019). B2B e-commerce technology factors with mediating effect perceived usefulness in Jordanian manufacturing SMES. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 14(1), 411-429.
27. Igbaria, M., & Zviran, M. (1991). End-user effectiveness: A cross-cultural examination. Omega, 19(5), 369-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0483(91)90055-X
28. Igbaria, M., & Zviran, M. (1996). Comparison of end-user computing characteristics in the US, Israel and Taiwan. Information & Management, 30(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(95)00044-5
29. Ives, B., Olson, M. H., & Baroudi, J. J. (1983). The measurement of user information satisfaction. Communications of the ACM, 26(10), 785–793. https://doi.org/10.1145/358413.358430
30. Kaur, S. (2023). How does age and gender of the employees influence human resource practices–employee competencies relationship? Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 12(3), 683–703. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-05-2023-0119
31. Kenton, W. (2021). Durbin Watson Statistic Definition. Investopedia.
32. Khashman, I. M. A., & Khashman, A. M. (2016). The impact of human resource information system (HRIS) applications on organizational performance (efficiency and effectiveness) in Jordanian Private Hospitals. Journal of Management Research, 8(3), 31. https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v8i3.9419
33. Khurana, A., Hussain, A., & Shakir, R. (2024). HRM challenges in island economies: Evidence from Maldivian resorts. South Asian Journal of Human Resources, 11(1), 45-59
34. Khurana, K., & Ataniyazova, Z. (2024). Exploring the vital role of human resource management in the progress of Uzbekistan’s tourism sector. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2024.2311002
35. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
36. Kumar, A., & Passah, D. R. S. (2019). IT Enabled HR Practices in Hospitality Industry in India. SSRN Electronic Journal.
37. Lai, P. (2017). The literature review of technology adoption models and theories for the novelty technology. Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management, 14(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.4301/s1807-17752017000100002
38. Landrum, H., Prybutok, V. R. (2004). A service quality and success model for the information service industry. European Journal of Operational Research, 156(3), 628-642. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00125-5
39. Lanlan, Z., Ahmi, A., & Popoola, O. M. J. (2019). Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and the Usage of Computerized Accounting Systems: A Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in China. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(2), 324–331. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b1056.0782s219
40. Lee, J., & Fisher, G. (2007). The perceived usefulness and use of performance information in the Australian public sector. Accounting, Accountability & Performance, 13(1), 42-73.
41. Livari, J. (1992). The organizational fit of information systems. Information Systems Journal, 2(1), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2575.1992.tb00064.x
42. Matimbwa, H. M. H., & Olatokun, W. (2024). Human capital management information system: scope of application and challenges facing the public sector in Tanzania. Regional Journal of Information and Knowledge Management, 9(1), 29–46. https://doi.org/10.70759/z51tef79
43. Maxwell, S., & Yadav, M. S. (2019). Effectiveness of HRIS on Organizational Performance. International Journal of Research in Business Studies, 4(1), 173.
44. Mutoffar, M. M., Bahar, A., & Mustafa, F. (2024). The Role of Management Information System Innovation as a Catalyst to Enhance Profitability in the Contemporary Digital Business Era. Jurnal Minfo Polgan, 13(1), 172–180. https://doi.org/10.33395/jmp.v13i1.13510
45. Najeeb, A. (2013). The role of HR actors in designing and implementing HRM in tourist resorts in the Maldives. Employee Relations, 35(6), 593–612. https://doi.org/10.1108/er-08-2012-0057
46. Najeeb, A. (2016). HRM roles in paradise. In: Asia Pacific Human Resource Management and Organisational Effectiveness. Chandos Publishing.
47. Najeeb, A. (2016). Strategic human resource management in the Maldives tourism industry: Universalistic perspectives. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability, 4(2), 99-113.
48. Noutsa, F. A., Kala Kamdjoug, J. R., & Fosso Wamba, S. (2017). Acceptance and use of HRIS and influence on organizational performance of SMEs in a developing economy: The case of Cameroon. In: Recent Advances in Information Systems and Technologies: Volume 15. Springer International Publishing.
49. Petter, S., DeLone, W., & McLean, E. (2008). Measuring information systems success: models, dimensions, measures, and interrelationships. European Journal of Information Systems, 17(3), 236–263. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2008.15
50. Powers, R. F., & Dickson, G. W. (1973). MisProject Management: Myths, Opinions, and Reality. California Management Review, 15(3), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/41164448
51. Razali, N., & Vasudevan, H. (2024). The impact of implementing green human resources practices on employee engagement sustainability. International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 9(3), 389-404.
52. Roach, C. M. L., & Davis-Cooper, G. (2016). An Evaluation of the Adoption of the Integrated Human Resource Information System in Trinidad and Tobago. International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age, 3(3), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijpada.2016070101
53. Rusilowati, U., Narimawati, U., Wijayanti, Y. R., et al. (2024). Optimizing Human Resource Planning through Advanced Management Information Systems: A Technological Approach. Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), 6(1), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.34306/att.v6i1.390
54. Satispi, E., Rajiani, I., Murod, M., et al. (2023). Human Resources Information System (HRIS) to Enhance Civil Servants’ Innovation Outcomes: Compulsory or Complimentary? Administrative Sciences, 13(2), 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13020032
55. Savitri, T. A., Buchori, I., & Supratikta, H. (2024). Exploring The Role of Human Resources Information System in Employee Performance Management: A Systematic Literature Review. Indonesian Development of Economics and Administration Journal, 3(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.70001/idea.v3i1.211
56. Seddon, P. B. (1997). A Respecification and Extension of the DeLone and McLean Model of IS Success. Information Systems Research, 8(3), 240–253. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.8.3.240
57. Sengupta, K., & Zviran, M. (1997). Measuring user satisfaction in an outsourcing environment. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 44(4), 414–421. https://doi.org/10.1109/17.649871
58. Shakir, M., Al Farsi, M. J., Al-Shamsi, I. R., et al. (2024). The Influence of Mobile Information Systems Implementation on Enhancing Human Resource Performance Skills: An Applied Study in a Small Organization. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (IJIM), 18(13), 37–68. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v18i13.47027
59. Sharma, P. (2021). Digital transformation and HRM in South Asian economies. Asian Journal of Management Studies, 8(4), 80-92.
60. Sharma, S. (2021). Digital transformation Enhance employee performance. International Journal of Law Management & Humanities, 4(4), 3791-3803.
61. Shin, B. (2003). An Exploratory Investigation of System Success Factors in Data Warehousing. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 4(1), 141–170. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.0003
62. Siengthai, S., & Udomphol, A. (2016). The Impact of Human Resource Information Systems on Organizational Performance: A Systematic Literature Review. European Journal of Business Management and Research, 8(3), 239.
63. Sikira, R., & Mishael, A. (2024). Effectiveness of HRIS Personnel Records Management on Performance of Higher Learning Institutions: A Case of Tengeru Institute of Community Development. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 12(03), 6045–6057. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i03.em10
64. Spirig, J. E. (1991). The HRIS investment is cost‐effective in managing change. Employment Relations Today, 18(2), 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1002/ert.3910180210
65. Suh, B., Han, I. (2003). Effect of trust on customer acceptance of Internet banking. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 1(3), 247-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-4223(02)00017-0
66. Sun, H., & Zhang, P. (2006). The role of moderating factors in user technology acceptance. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 64(2), 53–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2005.04.013
67. Swanson, E. B. (1994). Information Systems Innovation Among Organizations. Management Science, 40(9), 1069–1092. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.40.9.1069
68. Teo, T. S., Soon, L. G., & Fedric, S. A. (2001). Adoption and impact of human resource information systems (HRIS). Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 9(1), 101-117.
69. Thong, J. Y., & Yap, C. S. (1996). Information systems effectiveness: A user satisfaction approach. Information Processing & Management, 32(5), 601-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(96)00004-0
70. Troshani, I., Jerram, C., & Rao Hill, S. (2011). Exploring the public sector adoption of HRIS. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 111(3), 470–488. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571111118314
71. UNWTO. (2020). Tourism and Sustainable Development in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Madrid: United Nations World Tourism Organization.
72. UNWTO. (2021). Tourism in Small Island Developing States (SIDS): Key trends and statistics. United Nations World Tourism Organization.
73. Urbach, N., Smolnik, S., & Riempp, G. (2010). An empirical investigation of employee portal success. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 19(3), 184–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2010.06.002
74. Vasudevan, H. (2014). Examining the relationship of training on job satisfaction and organizational effectiveness. International Journal of Management and Business Research, 4(3), 185-202.
75. Vasudevan, H. L., Cabrera Moya, D. R. R., Mui Yee, C., et al. (2024). Developing a KASH Model as a training strategy: A qualitative Approach. Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Studies (Formerly known as Iranian Journal of Management Studies), 17(2), 567-583.
76. Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x
77. Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
78. Wakabi, R., & Matovu, M. (2024). Adoption of Human Resource Information System across East African SME’s. A Systematic Review. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies on Management, Business, and Economy, 7(2), 37–54. https://doi.org/10.21608/ijmsbe.2025.302900.1015
79. Wilson, N., Keni, K., & Tan, P. H. P. (2021). The Role of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease-of-Use toward Satisfaction and Trust which Influence Computer Consumers’ Loyalty in China. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 23(3), 262. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.32106
80. Wixom, B. H., & Todd, P. A. (2005). A Theoretical Integration of User Satisfaction and Technology Acceptance. Information Systems Research, 16(1), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1050.0042
81. Yayha, M. A., Samoea, R. F., Abedah, M., et al. (2024). Innovation and Technology Management in Modern Enterprises. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(5), 895–908. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i5.3945
82. Zviran, M. (1992). Evaluating user satisfaction in a hospital environment. Health Care Management Review, 17(3), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004010-199222000-00007
