Exploring the bright side of dark personalities: The dark triad as predictors of innovative work behavior in managers

  • Marium Arslan Zuberi Department of Management Studies, Bahria University Islamabad, Islamabad 4400, Pakistan
  • Arif Khattak Department of Management Studies, Bahria University Islamabad, Islamabad 4400, Pakistan
Ariticle ID: 3482
140 Views, 146 PDF Downloads
Keywords: dark triad; Machiavellianism; psychopathy; narcissism; training satisfaction; innovative work behavior

Abstract

There has been a growing interest in studying dysfunctional personality traits in the workplace. In line with this trend, this study examines how the Dark Triad personalities (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) can predict innovative work behavior. Additionally, the study builds on Trait Activation Theory and proposes a moderating effect of training satisfaction on this relationship. The purpose of this study is to understand if the Dark Triad traits predict innovative behavior while simultaneously examining the role of training satisfaction in channeling these traits toward innovative behavior. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted on the five largest telecommunication companies in Pakistan. The data gathered was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results established a positive relationship between each trait of the Dark Triad and innovative work behavior. Moreover, training satisfaction was found to moderate the relationship between the psychopathy trait and innovative work behavior. In light of these findings, the study contributes to personality-behavior research in organizations by demonstrating that the Dark Triad predicts innovative work behavior in managers and that the innovative behaviors associated with the psychopathy trait can be enhanced in the presence of training satisfaction.

References

Aghababaei, N., & Błachnio, A. (2015). Well-being and the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 365–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.043

Agogué, M., Poirel, N., Pineau, A., et al. (2014). The Impact of Age and Training on Creativity: A Design-Theory Approach to Study Fixation Effects. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 11, 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2013.10.002

Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (2009). Benefits of Training and Development for Individuals and Teams, Organizations, and Society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 451–474. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163505

Anderson, N., Potočnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and Creativity in Organizations: A State-of-the-Science Review, Prospective Commentary, and Guiding Framework. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297–1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314527128

Babiak, P., Neumann, C. S., & Hare, R. D. (2010). Corporate Psychopathy: Talking the Walk. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 28(2), 174–193. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.925

Becker, J. A. H., & Dan O’Hair, H. (2007). Machiavellians’ Motives in Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 35(3), 246–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909880701434232

Butler, J. C. (2015). The Dark Triad, Employee Creativity and Performance in New Ventures. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 35(3), 1.

Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (2011). The Handbook of Narcissism and Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118093108

Cohen, A. (2016). Are They Among Us? A Conceptual Framework of the Relationship between the Dark Triad Personality and Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWBs). Human Resource Management Review, 26(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.07.003

Dahmen-Wassenberg, P., Kämmerle, M., Unterrainer, H.-F., et al. (2016). The Relation Between Different Facets of Creativity and the Dark Side of Personality. Creativity Research Journal, 28(1), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2016.1125267

De Jong, J. P., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2008). Innovative Work Behavior: Measurement and Validation. EIM Business and Policy Research, 8(1), 1–27.

Diller, S. J., Frey, D., & Jonas, E. (2020). Coach Me If You Can! Dark Triad Clients, Their Effect on Coaches, and How Coaches Deal with Them. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, 14(2), 110–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/17521882.2020.1784973

Do, B.-R., & Dadvari, A. (2017). The Influence of the Dark Triad on the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intention: A Study among Students in Taiwan University. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(4), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.011

Eysenck, H. J. (1993). Creativity and Personality: Suggestions for a Theory. Psychological Inquiry, 4(3), 147–178. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0403_1

Ferris, G. R., & Hochwarter, W. A. (2011). Organizational Politics. In: Zedeck, S. (editor). APA Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Maintaining, Expanding, and Contracting the Organization. American Psychological Association. Volume 3. pp. 435–459. https://doi.org/10.1037/12171-012

Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of Personality: A 10 Year Review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(3), 199–216. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12018

Goncalo, J. A., Flynn, F. J., & Kim, S. H. (2010). Are Two Narcissists Better Than One? The Link Between Narcissism, Perceived Creativity, and Creative Performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(11), 1484–1495. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167210385109

Grover, H. K. (2018). The Upside to the Dark Side: An Empirical Investigation into the Moderators and Mediators of the Dark Triad and Work Related Outcomes. UCL (University College London).

Harms, P. D., & Spain, S. M. (2014). Beyond the Bright Side: Dark Personality at Work. Applied Psychology, 64(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12042

Hidalgo, A., & Albors, J. (2008). Innovation Management Techniques and Tools: A Review from Theory and Practice. R&D Management, 38(2), 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2008.00503.x

Hutter, K., Füller, J., Hautz, J., et al. (2015). Machiavellianism or Morality: Which Behavior Pays Off In Online Innovation Contests? Journal of Management Information Systems, 32(3), 197–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2015.1099181

Ineson, E. M. (2011). The Contribution of Personality to Graduate Managerial Training. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(3), 630–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2010.11.008

Janssen, O. (2000). Job Demands, Perceptions of Effort‐Reward Fairness and Innovative Work Behaviour. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73(3), 287–302. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317900167038

Jonason, P. K., Abboud, R., Tomé, J., et al. (2017). The Dark Triad Traits and Individual Differences in Self-Reported and Other-Rated Creativity. Personality and Individual Differences, 117, 150–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.005

Jonason, P. K., Richardson, E. N., & Potter, L. (2015). Self-Reported Creative Ability and the Dark Triad Traits: An Exploratory Study. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(4), 488–494. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000037

Jonason, P. K., Wee, S., & Li, N. P. (2015). Competition, Autonomy, and Prestige: Mechanisms Through Which the Dark Triad Predict Job Satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 112–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.026

Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). Introducing the Short Dark Triad (SD3). Assessment, 21(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113514105

Kapoor, H. (2015). The Creative Side of the Dark Triad. Creativity Research Journal, 27(1), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2014.961775

Kashmiri, S., Nicol, C. D., & Arora, S. (2017). Me, Myself, and I: Influence of CEO Narcissism on Firms’ Innovation Strategy and the Likelihood of Product-Harm Crises. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45(5), 633–656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0535-8

Kusumawardani, D., & Wulansari, N. A. (2018). The Effect of Humors and Narcissistic Personality on the Innovative Output with Innovative Work Behavior and Adaptability as Variables of Mediation. Management Analysis Journal, 7(3), 352–362.

LeBreton, J. M., Shiverdecker, L. K., & Grimaldi, E. M. (2018). The Dark Triad and Workplace Behavior. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(1), 387–414. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104451

Leonelli, S., & Masciarelli, F. (2020). “I am Apt to Show Off”: Exploring the Relationship between Entrepreneurs’ Narcissism and Start-Up Innovation. Sinergie Italian Journal of Management, 37(3), 39–62. https://doi.org/10.7433/s110.2019.02

McLaren, R. B. (1993). The Dark Side of Creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 6(1–2), 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419309534472

Nevicka, B., De Hoogh, A. H. B., Van Vianen, A. E. M., et al. (2011). All I Need is a Stage to Shine: Narcissists’ Leader Emergence and Performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(5), 910–925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.07.011

Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2013). A Meta‐analysis of the Relationships of Age and Tenure with Innovation‐related Behaviour. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(4), 585–616. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12031

O’Boyle, E. H. Jr, Forsyth, D. R., Banks, G. C., et al. (2012). A meta-analysis of the Dark Triad and work behavior: A social exchange perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 557–579. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025679

Padilla, A., Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. B. (2007). The Toxic Triangle: Destructive Leaders, Susceptible Followers, and Conducive Environments. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.001

Palmer, J. C., Komarraju, M., Carter, M. Z., et al. (2017). Angel on One Shoulder: Can Perceived Organizational Support Moderate the Relationship between the Dark Triad Traits and Counterproductive Work Behavior? Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 31–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.01.018

Rathore, K., Khaliq, C. A., & Aslam, N. (2017). The Influence of Leadership Styles on Employees Performance under Perceptions of Organizational Politics: A Study of Telecom Sector in Pakistan. International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences, 7(1),106–140. https://doi.org/10.56536/ijmres.v7i1.31

Sartori, R., Costantini, A., Ceschi, A., et al. (2018). How Do You Manage Change in Organizations? Training, Development, Innovation, and Their Relationships. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 31. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00313

Schmidt, S. W. (2007). The Relationship between Satisfaction with Workplace Training and Overall Job Satisfaction. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 18(4), 481–498. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.1216

Schmidt. (2004). The Job Training and Job Satisfaction Survey Technical Manual. Online Submission.

Scott, S. G., & Bruce, R. A. (1994). Determinants of Innovative Behavior: A Path Model of Individual Innovation in the Workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 580–607. https://doi.org/10.2307/256701

Sheeba, M. J., & Christopher, P. B. (2020). Exploring the Role of Training and Development in Creating Innovative Work Behaviors and Accomplishing Non-routine Cognitive Jobs for Organizational Effectiveness. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(4), 263–267. https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.04.49

Smith, M. B., & Webster, B. D. (2018). Narcissus the Innovator? The Relationship between Grandiose Narcissism, Innovation, and Adaptability. Personality and Individual Differences, 121, 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.018

Sordia, N., Jauk, E., & Martskvishvili, K. (2020). Beyond the Big Personality Dimensions: Consistency and Specificity of Associations between the Dark Triad Traits and Creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts.

Spain, S. M., Harms, P., & LeBreton, J. M. (2013). The Dark Side of Personality at Work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(S1), S41–S60. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1894

Świeca, L. (2020). Medical Machiavellianism in Poland: The Dark Side of Creativity. Przegląd Naukowo-Metodyczny. Edukacja dla Bezpieczeństwa.

Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A Personality Trait-based Interactionist Model of Job Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 500–517. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.3.500

Tett, R. P., & Guterman, H. A. (2000). Situation Trait Relevance, Trait Expression, and Cross-Situational Consistency: Testing a Principle of Trait Activation. Journal of Research in Personality, 34(4), 397–423. https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2000.2292

Volmer, J., Koch, I. K., & Göritz, A. S. (2016). The Bright and Dark Sides of Leaders’ Dark Triad Traits: Effects on Subordinates’ Career Success and Well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.046

West, M. A. (2002). Sparkling Fountains or Stagnant Ponds: An Integrative Model of Creativity and Innovation Implementation in Work Groups. Applied Psychology, 51(3), 355-387.

Wisse, B., Barelds, D. P. H., & Rietzschel, E. F. (2015). How Innovative is Your Employee? The Role of Employee and Supervisor Dark Triad Personality Traits in Supervisor Perceptions of Employee Innovative Behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 82, 158–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.020

Wu, W., Wang, H., Zheng, C., et al. (2019). Effect of Narcissism, Psychopathy, and Machiavellianism on Entrepreneurial Intention—The Mediating of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 360. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00360

Yang, J., Chang, M., Li, J., et al. (2020). Exploring the Moderated Mediation Relationship between Leader Narcissism and Employees’ Innovative Behavior. Chinese Management Studies, 15(1), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.1108/cms-10-2019-0363

Zettler, I., Friedrich, N., & Hilbig, B. E. (2011). Dissecting Work Commitment: The Role of Machiavellianism. Career Development International, 16(1), 20–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111107793

Zibarras, L. D., Port, R. L., & Woods, S. A. (2008). Innovation and the ‘Dark Side’ of Personality: Dysfunctional Traits and their Relation to Self‐Reported Innovative Characteristics. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 42(3), 201–215. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.2008.tb01295.x

Published
2024-08-14
How to Cite
Zuberi, M. A., & Khattak, A. (2024). Exploring the bright side of dark personalities: The dark triad as predictors of innovative work behavior in managers. Human Resources Management and Services, 6(3), 3482. https://doi.org/10.18282/hrms.v6i3.3482
Section
Article