Open Access

Review article

Article ID: 3316

Risks and forecasts of global temperature increase and climate challenges: Insights from the 5th wave theory and Novak triangle

by David Novak, Hamid Doost Mohammadian

Progress in Energy & Fuels, Vol.12, No.2, 2023; 416 Views, 55 PDF Downloads

The global overheating of the earth leads to numerous direct and indirect consequences. Explicitly also financial and explicitly also those that will affect people’s insurance and standard of living. The Prof. Doost Mohammadian’s 5th wave theory and the Novak triangle show correlations and possible solutions for government action. Purpose: Recognizing the consequences of the global increase in temperature is one thing, drawing the right conclusions and measures with the aim of implementing them in the foreseeable future is another. The countries of this world must act—this paper is intended to help. Design/methodology/approach: The aim was to find out what risks and predictions are posed by the global increase in temperature. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative approaches to analyze the challenges in anthropogenic global overheating using the Novak Triangle and the fifth wave/tomorrow age theory. The study is based on a review of existing literature and case studies of countries introduced based on the Paris Agreement (2015). Findings: Most people have realized that man-made global overheating will have massive consequences worldwide. These consequences need to be made concrete, as well as changes in human behavior and policy frameworks. The paper deals with various consequences and thus risks that will also affect the insurance industry and shows dangers for the world population. Affected countries: All countries of this world will be affected because the overheating of the earth is a global effect. Research/future/practical implications: Yes, anthropogenic global overheating (trivialized by various opinion makers as climate change and dismissed as a fringe phenomenon) is the greatest challenge facing humanity in the 21st century. In summary, the ability to make money or reduce one’s costs with BEVs/FCEVs may be the fastest accelerator for their adoption. This can best be achieved with simple “out-of-the-box” solutions that people implement themselves out of self-interest (see Novak Triangle). Implications of this paper for research include the need for further research on human behavior and the effectiveness of proposed solutions. Future implications of this paper include the importance of mitigating direct and indirect consequences of temperature rise and considering unpleasant facts in this regard. Originality/value: Currently, there are practically no scientific books that would present the overall context of the challenges around global temperature increase in correlation with direct and indirect consequences for people and the economy at a glance. Therefore, only current findings and scenarios can be described here. This paper contributes to the literature on economic and environmental consequences of Earth overheating by explaining the resulting challenges using the 5th wave theory. The paper proposes solutions to these challenges and includes case studies of countries discussing these issues. The paper provides valuable insights for policymakers, insurance industry representatives, and researchers working toward a sustainable environmental and climate future.