Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
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Open AccessArticles
Article ID: 550
The Geometry of Gothic Architecture and the Proportions of the Music of the Spheresby Josep LluisiGinovart, Mónica López-Piquer
Architecture and Design Review, Vol.3, No.1, 2021; 146 Views, 10 PDF Downloads, 0 The Geometry of Gothic Architecture and the Proportions of the Music of the Spheres Downloads
The heptagonal shape and its geometric layout have been the subject of a great deal of speculation.  Because some apses in Gothic cathedrals are heptagonal, there must be a methodology implicit in the layout of the geometric shape. Two particularly important sources help us arrive at an understanding: the exceptional of the Capitular archive of the Cathedral of Tortosa, which contains the main neo-Platonic sources among its codices dating from thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and the parchment known as la traça de Guarc (c.1345-1380), which shows the layout of the non-constructed cathedral. These sources show a heptagonal apse with an arithmetical and geometric dimension, based on a metrological and tonal musical proportion of 9/8, which is perfectly compatible with the bases of the quadrivium . The lateral and radial chapel, as the basic unit and feature element in fourteenth-century Gothic cathedral design, can be used as a pattern, and its measurement establish the basic unit for the overall proportions of the cathedral. This is the Music of Spheres that also appears at the Harmonices Mundi, Livri V (1619), by Johannes Kepler.
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Open Access
Articles
Article ID: 551
Marine corrosion of steel with aerobic and anaerobic biofilms under changeable nutrient concentration conditionsby Dimitrios S. Sophianopoulos, Vasiliki S Pantazi, Maria Ntina
Architecture and Design Review, Vol.3, No.1, 2021; 254 Views, 7 PDF Downloads, 0 Marine Corrosion of Steel with Aerobic and Anaerobic Biofilms under Changeable Nutrient Concentration Conditions Downloads
A diffusional model of marine corrosion wear for steel structures is developed and presented in this work, based on the assumption that long-term corrosion depends on both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial activity, which is connected with nutrient changes. This activity of bacteria biofilms is quantitatively evaluated and verified, based on observed data of hydraulic structures of Far East of Russia. It is shown that any short-term increases of nutrients and anthropological pollutant concentrations may significantly accelerate the corrosion rate. Results show that the influence of anaerobic biofilms on the corrosion rate acceleration of immersed steel structures is underestimated.
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Open Access
Articles
Article ID: 556
Cultural Symbols in Chinese Architectureby Donia Zhang
Architecture and Design Review, Vol.3, No.1, 2021; 1386 Views, 176 PDF Downloads
Culture has been recognized as the fourth pillar of sustainable development, and culture is often viewed as a system of symbols that arises from human interpretations of the world. The cultural codes of symbols and symbolism are imperative to be reexamined for any reinterpretation of a traditional culture. This article explores the origin and meaning of the Yin Yang symbol in Chinese culture, and its subsequent numerological and color applications in classical Chinese architecture, such as Sanqing (Three Pure Ones), Wuxing (Five Natural Elements), Bagua (Eight Trigrams) in courtyard house design, and Jiugongtu (Nine Constellations Magic Square Matrix) and Jingtianzhi (Nine Squares land ownership system) in imperial Chinese city planning. The examples cited are Beijing siheyuan (courtyard houses), the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and Ningbo’s Tianyi Ge library. The paper aims to inspire younger generations to continue Chinese architectural heritage, and respect traditional principles when planning and designing architectural projects. It finally proposes the Yin Yang Yuan symbol to expand traditional Yin Yang symbol, to solve the dilemma of binary thinking and to avoid extremities.
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Open Access
Articles
Article ID: 557
Evaluation of Residual Strength of RC Columns in Fire-Damaged Buildings: Case Studyby Vail Karakale, Ramadan E. Suleiman, Fathi M. Layas
Architecture and Design Review, Vol.3, No.1, 2021; 308 Views, 6 PDF Downloads
Prediction of residual strength of structural members in a RC fire-damaged building is an important step in taking a decision about restoration or demolition of the building. In this paper a finite element model was developed to evaluate the distribution of temperature within the cross-section of a RC column during a fire. Then the results were used to estimate the residual strength of RC columns in a fire damaged building in Libya. The building was used as a court yard for the public and the fire visibly damaged some of its columns. Material tests were conducted in situ and in the laboratory in order to evaluate the material strength after fire. Finite element analysis results and Euro code formulations were used in the prediction of material properties during fire .The predicted properties shows good agreement with material test results. Furthermore analysis results shows that up to 60 min of fire duration the column do not lose considerable amount of its strength, however at 120 min fire duration it will lose about 35 percent of its axial load and moment carrying capacities.
